Sulfur, uyo wakusangika mu mineral, wali na mtengo wakuzirwa chomene wa munkhwala .Kweni mu maso gha ŵanthu ŵa labala, sulfure wangaŵa na ntchito yakuzirwa chomene kuluska munkhwala - vinthu vyakupangika na raba mu wovwiri wa vulcanizing .Kuyambira kwa sulfure na labala vikuwelera ku Charles Goodyear, "dada wa labala"{{{{{{{{kwamba}}
Kukolerana kwa mdauko wa Rubber na sulfure
Nga ni chinthu chakale, labala wakagwiriskirika nchito na ŵasekuru ŵithu kale chomene kufuma kale . Pa nyengo iyo, labala wakagwiriskirika nchito chomene pa vyakumati na vyakuvwara vyakutetezgera maji .Rubber's fal for folation ni kuti likukhwaskika chomene na kutentha . Kutentha kuli pachanya pachoko kuzamuŵa kwakufewa na kwakukhora, ndipo kununka;Kuli kuphwanyika ndipo kuli na nkhongono pa nyengo yakuzizima .
Mu chilimwe cha 1834, Goodyear wakaluta ku kampani ya labala ya ku India ku New York{{. Wakamanya kuti katundu uyu wa labala wakasuzgikanga na mafakitale ghose gha labala, kweni labala nayo wakaŵa na malo ghawemi chomene nga ni elasticity, plasticity, kukhalilira, kukhora kwa maji na kuvikilira. Ntheura, Goodyear wakaŵikapo mtima kuti wasambire kusintha kwa labala {{3}Pa Januwale 1839 January 1839 Kulongozga kwa ngozi oxide na sulfure kuti ŵapange chinthu chakuwoneka nga ni chikopa .Ichi chikuphwanyika yayi pa nyengo yakutentha chomene nga umo vikumanyikwa na elastomeric raba .Pamanyuma pa mndandanda wa kusintha, Goodyear wakakhorwa kuti chinthu chake chingavunda yayi pa nyengo yiliyose yakutentha pasi pa fundo yakuphikira (8}}Ntheura chikaŵa chinthu ichi chambura kumanyikwa na Goodyear icho chikapangiska kusintha kwa raba, vyaka 38 kufuma apo Goodyear wakafwira, mu ulemu wa Charles {{m0}}Good chaka cha kupereka ku mafakitale gha labala gha ku America, frank.Mr Coughlin wakathya kampani yake ya matayala na ya labala Goodyear ndipo sono ni yumoza wa ŵamaziya ŵatatu ŵapachanya pa charu chose chapasi.
Kugaŵika kwa sulfure .
Sulfure iyo yikugwiriskirika nchito mu mafakitale gha labala yikusazgapo ufu wa sulfure, sulfure wambura kusungunuka, sulfure wa colfur, sulfure uyo wali na sulfure, sulfure wa sulfure, sulfure wakubisika, sulfure wakufwa na sulfure wambura crystalline . Vitatu vyakwamba vikugwiriskirika nchito chomene .
Sulfur ufu: ni sulfure iyo yikugwiriskirika nchito comene mu mafakitale gha labala .
Sulfure wambura kusungunuka: homopolymer ya sulfure, iyo yikumanyikwaso kuti sulfure ya polymerized . Its yake yikuru njakuti vinthu ivi ni vipusu yayi kupopera chiwuvi, chikugwiriskirika nchito chomene mu vyakupangika vya labala vyapachanya nga ni matayala gha radial radial.
Colloidal sulfure: phala ilo likupangika na kugaya sulfure ufu panji kukhazikika sulfure na disltrated sulfure na dispersant. Kukugwiriskirika nchito chomene pa vyakupangika vya latex .
Uteŵeti wa sulfure mu vinthu vya labala
Kuti ŵasange nchito yiwemi ya labala, unyolo wa macromolecular wa mzere ukwenera kuŵa wakukolerana kuti upange chigaŵa cha netiweki cha vigaŵa vitatu . Nthowa ya crosslinking kanandi yikuchemeka kuti vulcanization ya labala chifukwa crosslinking yakwamba yikachitika na sulfur{{ {{ {{ {{ { uyu) pamanyuma pa vulcanization, na kusintha kwa kapangikiro, katundu wasinthaso yayi para wakutenthema, wakusungunukaso yayi mu vyakusungunura, modulus na kukhora, katundu wa makina, kukana kuchekura na kukhazikika kwa kemiko kusintha . Ntheura, pamanyuma pa kusangika kwa sulfure, labala wazgoka chinthu chiwemi, vinthu vyakugwiriskira ntchito chomene polymer .).
Kukamba uneneska, kupanga sulful mu raba vulcanization network nako kukhumbika kusazgiyapu kwa alinga wo agwira ntchitu, akuwomboli ndi vinthu vinyaki kuti apangi nthowa yo ŵenga pa vulcanization, ndipu ndi kukura kwa mafakitale nga labala, ŵanthu aŵika vinthu vakukhumbika ukongwa kuti ŵanthu achitengi vinthu vakwenere, so, mitundu ya sulfure ndi vinthu vo visanirika vipangika pachokopachoko ndipu so kupangika . .